chore: move to patches (#4997)

* Move integration types into code-server

This will be easier to maintain than to have it as a patch.

* Disable connection token

Using a flag means we will not need to patch it out.  I think this is
new from 1.64?

* Add product.json to build process

This way we do not have to patch it.

* Ship with remote agent package.json

Instead of the root one.  This contains fewer dependencies.

* Let Code handle errors

This way we will not have to patch Code to make this work and I think it
makes sense to let Code handle the request.

If we do want to handle errors we can do it cleanly by patching their
error handler to throw instead.

* Move manifest override into code-server

This way we will not have to patch it.

* Move to patches

- Switch submodule to track upstream
- Add quilt to the process
- Add patches

The node-* ignore was ignoring one of the diffs so I removed it.  This
was added when we were curling Node as node-v{version}-darwin-x64 for
the macOS build but this no longer happens (we use the Node action to
install a specific version now so we just use the system-wide Node).

* Use pre-packaged Code

patches/series

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+integration.diff
+node-version.diff
+base-path.diff
+proposed-api.diff
+marketplace.diff
+webview.diff
+insecure-notification.diff
+update-check.diff
+logout.diff
+store-socket.diff
+proxy-uri.diff
+display-language.diff
+github-auth.diff
+unique-db.diff
+post-install.diff
+log-level.diff
+local-storage.diff
+service-worker.diff
+last-opened.diff
+connection-type.diff